If both autopilot buttons are selected on, what is the status of the FMGCs?

When both autopilot buttons are selected on in the A320, FMGC 1 assumes the primary role for flight management. In typical operation, the two Flight Management and Guidance Computers (FMGCs) are designed to work in a collaborative manner, with one serving as the primary source of data and the other as a backup. When both autopilot modes are engaged, the aircraft's systems are configured such that FMGC 1 becomes the primary, handling navigation and guidance functions, while FMGC 2 remains in a standby or backup role.

This configuration is intentional to ensure that the primary system (FMGC 1) takes the lead in decision-making processes regarding navigation and autopilot commands, thereby streamlining the operation and enhancing safety. The independent mode would imply each FMGC operates separately without a primary, which is not the case when both autopilot buttons are engaged. In this scenario, the aircraft is optimized for defined operational efficiency and safety through FMGC 1's primary status.