What occurs to the spoilers if a SEC fault is detected or electrical power is lost?

When a Spoiler Electronic Control (SEC) fault is detected or if there is a loss of electrical power, the system is designed to ensure safety and control of the aircraft. In this situation, the affected spoiler, which is linked to the malfunctioning SEC, will automatically retract. This retraction helps to prevent any unwanted aerodynamic effects that could occur if the spoiler remained extended without proper control.

The automatic retraction of the affected spoiler is a fail-safe feature integrated into the design of the aircraft's control systems. It ensures that even in case of a fault or loss of power, the aircraft maintains a more predictable flight behavior, thereby enhancing operational safety. This behavior is crucial during critical phases of flight, such as takeoff or landing, where aerodynamic control is essential.

The options that suggest that the affected spoiler extends or that all spoilers either retract or extend do not align with the safety protocols established in the design of the A320's spoiler system during fault conditions. The primary objective here is to retract affected spoilers to maintain control and stability of the aircraft, which is why the correct choice is focused on that specific action.