Which spoiler panels on each wing are designated as ground spoilers?

The designation of ground spoilers refers to the panels designed to assist with deceleration and increase drag during landing. In the case of the A320, all five spoiler panels on each wing are classified as ground spoilers. When the aircraft touches down, these panels deploy to disrupt airflow over the wings, thereby enhancing braking performance and reducing lift. This deployment is crucial for ensuring effective landing performance, especially on shorter runways or during heavy landings. The design allows the aircraft to effectively manage its speed and achieve a safe stop after touchdown. Knowing that all five panels serve this purpose highlights the critical role they play in ensuring safe aircraft operation during ground maneuvers.